Criteria for Volume and Intensity of Training Loads in the Preparation of Skilled Weightlifters

Abstract

In weightlifting, as well as in other strength sports, various approaches to selecting methods and determining the characteristics of the training process coexist. The purpose of this study is to establish objective criteria for monitoring the volume and intensity of training loads for skilled weightlifters. Materials and methods of research. Analysis of the training indicators of 56 weightlifters of both genders across different weight categories allowed for defining model characteristics of the training process across different training cycles, expressed in metric units through biomechanical computer video monitoring. Results and conclusions. Ratios of work performed and power output across various exercises were determined in comparison with competitive exercises and throughout training micro-, meso-, and macrocycles. The frequency of injuries and illnesses, as well as the duration of forced breaks during training, was established. During the snatch exercise, weightlifters, depending on their weight category, expend 1.8-2.6 kJ in moving the load, while female athletes expend 1.4-1.7 kJ, with an average power output of 1.7-2.5 kW for men and 1.2-1.7 kW for women. Men perform the clean lift with an energy expenditure of 1.3-1.8 kJ, while female athletes expend 1.1-1.4 kJ, with an average power output of 1.1-1.5 kW for men and 0.7-1.1 kW for women. The jerk lift from the chest requires 0.6-1.0 kJ from men and 0.5-0.7 kJ from female athletes, with an average power output of 0.9-1.4 kW for men and 0.7-1.1 kW for women. Specialized and auxiliary exercises fall behind both in power output and in the amount of work performed. Model characteristics of training volume by work performed in joules were developed, and exercise intensity in watts was specified.