Features of technological synthesis and properties of ZnO-Cd based materials for photocatalytic applications. Review

R. I. Didus; D. V.  Myroniuk; L. A. Myroniuk; A. I. Ievtushenko

doi:10.15330/pcss.24.2.219-234

Authors

R. I. Didus I.M. Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
D. V. Myroniuk I.M. Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
L. A. Myroniuk I.M. Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
A. I. Ievtushenko I.M. Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15330/pcss.24.2.219-234

Keywords:

zinc oxide, cadmium doping, morphology, nanostructures, optical properties, photocatalysis

Abstract

In this review, the current state of ZnO-Cd based materials for photocatalytic applications is summarized. Relevant technological synthesis methods such as pulsed laser deposition, magnetron sputtering, electrodeposition, sol-gel, metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, evaporating, spray pyrolysis, reflux are considered, and recent developments in effective and reproducible synthesis technology of nano- and microstructured zinc oxide, doped with cadmium and solid solutions of Zn_1‑xCd_xO for photodecomposition of organic pollutant molecules are discussed. The synthesis technology and level of Cd doping has a significant effect on the structure and morphology of zinc oxide and, as a result, on the optical and photocatalytic properties. The figures of merit, the theoretical limitations and rational control of the concentration of the cadmium alloying impurity is necessary to create a material with balanced optical properties and photocatalytic activity. Lastly, the importance of doping ZnO by isovalent Cd impurity significantly improves its photocatalytic properties due to a narrowing of the band gap, a decrease in the rate of recombination of electron-hole pairs, which increases the efficiency of spatial charge separation, the formation of active oxide radicals and an increase in the specific surface area. Thus, ZnO-Cd based materials are the most promising photocatalytic materials for organic pollutants.

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