Typical mechanisms of degradation of thermoelectric materials and ways to reduce their impact on the reliability of thermoelectric modules

П. Горський

doi:10.15330/pcss.23.3.505-516

Автор(и)

П. Горський Інститут термоелектрики НАН і МОН України, м. Чернівці, Україна; Чернівецький національний університет імені Юрія Федьковича, Чернівці, Україна

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15330/pcss.23.3.505-516

Ключові слова:

дифузія, самодифузія, сублімація, контактні інтерметаліди, накопичення структурних дефектів, механічна міцність, хімічна взаємодія, конструктивно-технологічні шляхи і фактори підвищення надійності

Анотація

У огляді розглянуто ряд типових механізмів деградації термоелектричних матеріалів у процесі їх функціонування у складі термоелектричних генераторних модулів. Серед них дифузія та самодифузія у термоелектричних матеріалах та контактних структурах, втрата легуючих домішок термоелектричними матеріалами внаслідок сублімації, утворення інтерметалічних сполук у контактних структурах, накопичення структурних дефектів під впливом теплових та механічних навантажень, механічне руйнування термоелектричних гілок, контактних структур та інших елементів конструкції модулів, хімічна взаємодія складових термоелектричних матеріалів з іншими елементами конструкції модулів. Також розглянуто основні конструктивні та технологічні шляхи і методи зниження негативного впливу цих механізмів на надійність термоелектричних матеріалів і модулів.

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